Word of the Day

Friday, September 11, 2009

Her whose?

An excerpt from a book I'm reading (State of Mind, by John Katzenbach). The comments in parentheses are mine.

The woman (a very sensitive worman working at a hospice) remained quiet.
Susan (her mom has cancer) could feel her (whose?) tears welling up in her (whose?) eyes. She thought that her insides were suddenly being twisted and then ripped by a great, cruel claw.

When I first read this sentence, I for a second or two thought it was the woman at the hospice who was crying, not Susan, but then I read the rest and everything was clear. Other languages wouldn't have this problem. Scandinavian languages have a set of pronouns for his, her, and their and another set for something that refers to the subject of the sentence. The same happens in Slavic languages and Latin.

In English: She saw her mom. It could be her own mom or somebody else's.
In Swedish: Hon såg sin mor. (It's her own.) Hon såg hennes mor. (It's somebody else's).
In Czech: Ona viděla svoji matku. (Her own.) Ona viděla její matku. (Somebody else's.)
In Latin: Vidit suam matrem. (Her own.) Vidit eius matrem. (This could be his or her - somebody else's - mother, so there's a little ambiguity here as well.)

In Czech, though, svůj is being replaced by corresponding first and second person singular and possessive adjectives. The third person, however, seems to be preserving svůj (and variations) the hardest, probably because of the ambiguity that such a loss could entail.

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