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Showing posts with label syntax. Show all posts
Showing posts with label syntax. Show all posts

Monday, May 7, 2007

Adnominal Adverbs in Japanese

Perhaps Japanese linguistics literature calls it by a different name but by adnominal adverbs I mean a construction wherein the main verb or the sentence as a whole is modified by an adnominal modifier to a noun in the sentence. How abominable and twisted! An example is;
小耳にはさんだ
komimi-ni hasanda
smallEar-LOC holdPast
I just happened to hear that (...)
A literal translation of the expression is, "I've held in the small ear that." Just in case an idiomatic expression confuses the reader, mimi-ni hasamu (to hold in the ear) is a Japanese expression meaning "to hear a rumor or news."

Now, the ko- (small) which is a prefix modifies the noun to create "small ear" but in this construction is used as a modifier to the whole sentence or the verb. That is to say, it means that the way the action of knowing the news is small; casual, slight, unintentional or fragmentary information.

Until yesterday I thought adnominal adverbs were a small set of idiomatic expressions with affixes (小首をかしげる, ご飯ばかり食べる etc.). This, however, seems not to be the case. The following adnominal adverb is made by the genitive marker no- and the construction looks rather productive:
観念の眼を閉じる
kannen-no manako-o todžiru
resignation-GEN eye-ACC close
close one's eyes in resignation
This blog entry does not have a conclusion but is a small note of what occurred to me like a sunrise in the desert.