Word of the Day

Sunday, April 29, 2007

Stress on Italian infinitives

Italian verbs ending in -ere can be accented on the penultima or the antepenultima (more common). I wonder if there's any logic in that. When I compare it to Latin, I can't see any cogence between the original form and the spinoffs. Latin legere was stressed on le, and has kept that stress in Italian leggere. Latin debere was stressed on be and has kept that stress in Italian dovere, but descendere, stress on scen, comes from Latin descendere, stress on the the second de; Italian ridere, stress on ri, comes from Latin ridere, stress on de; and Italian muovere, stress on muo, comes from Italian movere, stress on ve.

Stress in Latin is more predictable than in Italian. If you know the first person singular of the present indicative of a given verb, you know how to properly accentuate a verb. The ending -eo for that person comes up in verbs with the stress on the penultima (deleo, from delere, to destroy). The ending -o occurs with verbs with the stress on the antepenultima (lego, from legere, to read). The same unfortunately can't be said about Italian, which, nevertheless, has the stress on the antepenultimate syllable in most infinitives, irrespective of etymology.

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